Here's everything you need to know about the key players in the Middle East war - and why they're so important. Here’s what to know about the conflict between Israel and Iran , and the United States’ intervention: Trump announced the overnight “massive precision strikes” on Iran’s Fordo, Isfahan and. Explore the history, current tensions, and future outlook of the Israel - Iran conflict , including military, political, and nuclear dimensions. Iran has retaliated by launching hundreds of drones and missiles against Israel , some of which have penetrated Israel’s vaunted aerial defence system, killing two dozen people so far. Israel ' s October 2024 strikes on Iranian air defenses that significantly impaired Iran ' s ability to detect and repel attacks. The armed conflict between Iran and Israel continues to escalate, with further strikes and counterstrikes almost certain, as well as casualties on both sides. Experts assess the roles that various actors may seek to play during and after conflict, including Hezbollah, the Houthis, Iraqi militias, Palestinian factions, and international powers such as China, Russia, and the EU. In June 2025, Israel launched Operation Rising Lion—a preemptive strike on Iran ’s nuclear and military sites—triggering a massive Iranian missile and drone attack that killed 30 Israeli civilians. Responded with precision airstrikes on Iran ’s key nuclear facilities, leading to a ceasefire on June 23. AJC experts say the conflict reshaped regional dynamics, reaffirmed U.S. The escalation between Israel and Iran has raised many important questions about a region already facing crises on multiple fronts.
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