Explore the Iran - Israel conflict ' s complexities, from nuclear threats to proxy warfare , and its impact on Middle Eastern geopolitics. The longstanding tension between Iran and Israel has escalated into a volatile conflict in the Middle East, characterized by proxy warfare and direct military engagements. At the heart of this confrontation lies the issue of Iran ’s nuclear program, which Israel perceives as an existential threat. Iran , for its part, maintains that its nuclear ambitions are strictly for peaceful, civilian. Despite heavy Iranian losses, Iran ’s regime and nuclear program have survived. The Iran-Israel war will have major geopolitical reverberations that will be felt for years throughout the. As a result, the breakout of war between Israel and Iran last week was not surprising. Nor was the fact that Israel struck Iranian nuclear facilities and military sites across a wide geographical area and that it targeted nuclear scientists and military leaders. Equally unsurprising was Iran ’s response: missiles launched at Israel , directed at military and strategic targets—some of which. In a post–October 7th world, Israel believes that an Iranian bomb poses an existential risk to Israeli security. Thanks to war in Gaza and Lebanon, Israel has dealt significant blows to Iran 's proxy network, particularly Hezbollah. Moreover, back in October, Israel had already taken out some of Iran 's air defense. Israel recognized a golden opportunity to seize Iranian weakness, following the collapse of is proxy “Axis of Resistance” led by Hezbollah along with Israel ’s operational achievements of its October 2024 attack on Iran , when Israel destroyed Tehran’s strategic air defense system. The fact that the path to Iran was open to the Israeli Air Force was a significant factor in the decision. Israel ’s strikes against Iran ’s nuclear and defense installations and top command structure, Tehran’s retaliatory strikes, and the potential for further escalation have significant implications for transatlantic strategy while war continues to rage in Europe’s east.
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