Since 2018, an increasing number of Iran-backed armed groups have started to be integrated into the Syrian and Iraqi oficial armed forces. The integration of armed groups allows Tehran to enjoy a multi-layered, longer-term, and poten-tially less expensive influence in Iraq and Syria. Israel’s and Iran ’s Military Adventurism Has Put the Middle East in an Alarmingly Dangerous Situation The region will not see stability without the development of mechanisms for collective security. Iran ’s intervention into the wars in Syria, Iraq, and Yemen transformed the strength and scope of the “axis of resistance,” the decades-long partnership between, Iran , Hezbollah, and the Syrian regime. Tehran has secured military footholds, committed partners, and lasting influence in each theater. Tehran’s motivations evolved during each conflict. Iran ’ s military capabilities significantly impact regional stability , as they enable the nation to assert its influence and respond to threats. Consequently, the increasing sophistication of these capabilities has implications for surrounding countries and global security dynamics. A coordinated response to Iran ’ s aggression can preserve U.S. And Western interests, reinforce Israel and America’s Arab allies, and promote regional stability. In Iraq and Lebanon, heavily armed Iran-backed militias operate outside state control, engage in illicit activities such as drug and arms smuggling, and wield outsized influence in the national decision-making process. The US launches strikes on Iran-backed Houthis as Gulf nations monitor the impact , seeking signs of deterrence and regional stability . Iran is now refocusing its military efforts on Iraq and Yemen, strengthening ties with the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) in Iraq to bolster its influence ahead of the 2025 elections, sway electoral outcomes, and maintain regional dominance. PMF in Iraq demonstrate Iran ’s strategic use of militias to project power and secure its regional interests. These groups serve as extensions of ranian influence, embedding themselves within the political and security structures of their respective states. Iran ’s support includes financial aid, military trainin. While the U.S. Presses for action against Iran -aligned militias , these groups wield significant influence within Iraq, both politically and militarily. Disbanding them could lead to internal unrest and political instability, a scenario al-Sudani must carefully navigate.
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