During the U.S. Presence in Iraq, from 2003 to 2011, more than 600 American soldiers were killed by these Iran - backed militias in complex attacks, ambushes, and IED and EFP attacks. Since the 1979 revolution, Iran has built a network of proxies across the Middle East. As of 2022, Tehran had allies among more than a dozen major militias , some with their own political parties, that challenged local and neighboring governments. According to data from GTTAC, of the 28 groups implicated in terrorist attacks in Iraq since 2018 , 19 were identified as Iran-backed militias. This statistic underscores Iran’s capacity to mobilize asymmetric actors in Iraq against U.S. There are approximately 40 militant groups backed by Iran in the region, Baraa Shiban , an associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute, a British defense and security think-tank,. Militant groups backed by Iran, which supports Hamas and for years has engaged in a shadow war with Israel, have joined in. These groups — part of Iran’s so-called axis of resistance — have. A comprehensive study of the various institutional, financial, and military levers that have enabled Iran ’ s “resistance” camp to take over another country even under the international community’s watchful eye.
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